In the previous article, we mentioned that in recent years, with the reduction of industrial costs and the promotion of demand, the energy storage battery industry has made rapid progress. Energy storage batteries and devices are indispensable energy storage components of solar photovoltaic power generation systems, and their main function is to store electrical energy. Commonly used energy storage batteries include lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. Lead-acid batteries are currently the most widely used.

（Off-Grid solar system for battery storage ）

Lead acid battery is a kind of storage battery whose electrodes are mainly made of lead and its oxide, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. Lead acid battery energy storage devices have the characteristics of high energy conversion rate, long cycle life, high terminal voltage, strong safety, high cost performance, and simple installation and maintenance. In the discharged state, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is lead; in the charged state, the main component of the positive and negative electrodes are all lead sulfate. The nominal voltage of a single-cell lead acid battery is 2.0V, which can be discharged to 1.5V and can be charged to 2.4V; in applications, 6 single-cell lead-acid batteries are often connected in series to form a lead-acid battery with a nominal voltage of 12V , as well as 24V, 36V, 48V and so on.

（Off-Grid solar system for battery storage 2）

Lead acid battery has experienced nearly 150 years of development.It has not only made great progress in theoretical research, product types and varieties, and product electrical performance, but also played an important role in transportation, communications, electric power, military, navigation and aviation. According to the structure and use of lead-acid batteries, batteries are roughly divided into four categories: 1. Starting lead-acid storage batteries; 2. Lead-acid batteries for power; 3. Fixed valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries; 4. Other types, including small valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries, lead-acid batteries for miner's lamps, etc..

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